{"id":47986,"date":"2025-10-01T11:54:54","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T08:54:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/?p=47986"},"modified":"2025-11-06T08:40:57","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T05:40:57","slug":"olumsuz-troya-antik-kenti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/olumsuz-troya-antik-kenti\/","title":{"rendered":"Troya Antik Kenti’nin \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n\n\n\n

Troya Antik Kenti’nin mitolojik efsanelerdeki yeri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Antik
Antik Yunan vazosu \u00fczerinde Achilleus ve Memnon sahnesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Troya\u2019n\u0131n Antik Kenti’nin \u00fcn\u00fc, onu \u00e7evreleyen zengin mitolojik anlat\u0131lardan geliyor. Antik d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck destanlar\u0131ndan say\u0131lan Troya Sava\u015f\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 bin y\u0131ld\u0131r dilden dile aktar\u0131lagelen bir \u00f6yk\u00fc. Bu efsane; a\u015fk ve ihanet, cesaret ve tutku dolu, unutulmaz karakterlerle \u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc bir destan asl\u0131nda. \u00d6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn kalbinde, Ege Denizi\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131 yakas\u0131nda, Paris ad\u0131nda bir prensin Sparta Krali\u00e7esi Helena\u2019y\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00fczerine patlak veren on y\u0131ll\u0131k devasa bir sava\u015f var. Anlat\u0131ya g\u00f6re tanr\u0131\u00e7alar aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fczellik yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda Paris, Hera\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fcnya h\u00e2kimiyeti, Athena\u2019n\u0131n bilgelik ve sava\u015fta yenilmezlik vaatlerine kar\u015f\u0131n Aphrodite\u2019in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fczel kad\u0131n\u0131 Helen\u2019i sunmas\u0131yla onu se\u00e7er. Paris, Helen\u2019i Sparta\u2019dan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131p Troya\u2019ya getirince, Helen\u2019in kocas\u0131 Kral Menelaos\u2019un \u00f6fkesi Akha d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 aya\u011fa kald\u0131r\u0131r ve intikam i\u00e7in say\u0131s\u0131z gemi Troya sahillerine yelken a\u00e7ar. B\u00f6ylece \u201cu\u011fruna bin gemi kald\u0131r\u0131lan kad\u0131n\u201d Helen y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Troya, on y\u0131l boyunca ku\u015fatma alt\u0131nda kal\u0131r. On y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda, sava\u015f\u0131n kaderi kurnaz bir planla de\u011fi\u015fir. Akha kahraman\u0131 Odysseus\u2019un zekice hilesiyle, tahta bir Truva at\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r ve i\u00e7i en cesur Akha askerleriyle doldurulur. Akha ordusu geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015f gibi yaparak bu dev at\u0131 Troya\u2019n\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131r. Troyal\u0131lar, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7ekildi\u011fini san\u0131p ah\u015fap at\u0131 zafer ganimeti olarak i\u00e7eri al\u0131rlar. O gece at\u0131n i\u00e7indeki Akha askerleri gizlice \u00e7\u0131karak \u015fehrin kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ar ve geri d\u00f6nen Akha ordusuna Troya\u2019y\u0131 teslim ederler. On y\u0131l s\u00fcren onurlu direni\u015f, bir gecede hile ile sona erer. Troya Antik Kenti d\u00fc\u015fer, krall\u0131k yok edilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Troya Antik Kenti’nin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan mitoloji burada noktalanm\u0131yor. Y\u0131k\u0131mdan kurtulan birka\u00e7 Truval\u0131dan biri, sava\u015f\u0131n asil kahramanlar\u0131ndan Aeneas. Anlat\u0131ya g\u00f6re tanr\u0131\u00e7a Afrodit\u2019in o\u011flu olan Aeneas, babas\u0131 ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flunu yan\u0131na alarak alevler i\u00e7indeki \u015fehirden ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f. Akdeniz\u2019in ilk s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131s\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclen Aeneas\u2019\u0131n bu ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131, asl\u0131nda yeni bir destan\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131. Gemilerle denize a\u00e7\u0131lan Aeneas, uzun ve maceral\u0131 bir yolculu\u011fun ard\u0131ndan \u0130talya topraklar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131p Roma medeniyetinin n\u00fcvesini olu\u015fturacak halk\u0131n atas\u0131 h\u00e2line gelmi\u015f. Romal\u0131 \u015fair Vergilius\u2019un Aeneis destan\u0131nda anlat\u0131lan bu hik\u00e2yede, Troya\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fcllerinden y\u00fckselen Aeneas\u2019\u0131n soyu Alba Longa ve nihayetinde Roma \u015fehrini kurmu\u015f. B\u00f6ylece yenilmi\u015f Troyal\u0131lar, yeni bir milletin kurucu atalar\u0131 haline gelmi\u015fler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Troya efsanelerinin en etkileyici devam \u00f6yk\u00fclerinden biri ise ku\u015fkusuz Odysseus\u2019un on y\u0131l s\u00fcren eve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yolculu\u011fu, yani Odysseia. Homeros\u2019un ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck destan\u0131, sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Odysseus\u2019un t\u00fcrl\u00fc engeller, tanr\u0131lar ve canavarlarla dolu yolculu\u011funu konu al\u0131yor. Troya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 sona erdiren tahta at fikrinin de sahibi olan Odysseus, sabr\u0131n, stratejinin ve insan iradesinin sembol\u00fc. \u00d6yle ki bug\u00fcn dahi Odysseus\u2019un hik\u00e2yesi anlat\u0131lmaya devam ediyor. \u00dcstelik modern sinema da bu miras\u0131 s\u00fcrekli kullanmaktan imtina etmiyor. Homeros\u2019un destan\u0131 bug\u00fcne dek say\u0131s\u0131z kez beyaz perdeye ve televizyona uyarland\u0131; do\u011frudan Odysseus\u2019un maceralar\u0131n\u0131 anlatan yap\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ondan esinlenen modern yorumlar da \u00fcretildi. \u015eimdi ise bu zincire yeni ve iddial\u0131 bir halka ekleniyor. Christopher Nolan\u2019\u0131n 2026\u2019da vizyona girmesi planlanan The Odyssey filmi, Odysseus\u2019un yolculu\u011funu epik bir anlat\u0131mla yeniden sinemaya ta\u015f\u0131yacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Arkeolojik ke\u015fifler ve Troya kaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tarihi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Troya
Troya Antik Kenti\u2019nden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan ta\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Troya\u2019n\u0131n efsanelerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p maddi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe kavu\u015fmas\u0131, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. O d\u00f6neme dek Troya Sava\u015f\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca bir masald\u0131. Fakat Frank Calvert ad\u0131nda bir \u0130ngiliz diplomat ve amat\u00f6r arkeolog, \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011faz\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda Hisarl\u0131k ad\u0131 verilen bir tepeci\u011fin alt\u0131nda efsanevi Troya Antik Kenti’nin yat\u0131yor olabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yordu. Calvert, 1860\u2019larda kendi arazisinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan Hisarl\u0131k\u2019ta ufak \u00e7apl\u0131 sondajlar yapm\u0131\u015f ve umut verici buluntularla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ne var ki kaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletecek maddi imk\u00e2nlardan yoksundu. 1868\u2019de b\u00f6lgeye gelen Alman macerac\u0131 Heinrich Schliemann, elinde Homeros destanlar\u0131 ve akl\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015f\u00f6hret arzusu ile Troya\u2019y\u0131 aramaya koyuldu. Calvert\u2019\u0131n misafir etti\u011fi Schliemann, arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 finansal g\u00fcce ve h\u0131rsa sahipti. \u0130kili anla\u015ft\u0131 ve sonunda Schliemann, 1870 y\u0131l\u0131nda Troya oldu\u011funa inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hisarl\u0131k tepesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli kaz\u0131lara ba\u015flad\u0131. Schliemann\u2019\u0131n kaz\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn standartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re son derece tahripk\u00e2rd\u0131. Amac\u0131 bir an \u00f6nce destanlardaki zengin \u015fehri ve \u201cPriamos\u2019un hazinesini\u201d bulmakt\u0131. Bu h\u0131rsla, Hisarl\u0131k tepesine 80 metre uzunlu\u011funda, 14 metre derinli\u011finde dev bir yarma hende\u011fi kazd\u0131rd\u0131. Dinamit bile kullanarak adeta tepeyi ortadan ikiye kesti ve ne yaz\u0131k ki ger\u00e7ek Troya\u2019ya ait \u00fcst katmanlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 bilmeden tahrip etti. Yine de Schliemann k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlere ait olan katmanlar\u0131 ay\u0131rt etmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131. 1873\u2019te Schliemann, Homeros\u2019un anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehir sand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tabakada muazzam alt\u0131n ve bronz eserler buldu. Bunlar\u0131 \u201cPriamos\u2019un Hazinesi\u201d olarak ilan etti ve gizlice Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131rarak Avrupa\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Hazinenin i\u00e7inde ta\u00e7lar, kolyeler, k\u00fcpeler ve ba\u015fl\u0131klar bulunuyordu. Schliemann, bu tak\u0131lar\u0131 gen\u00e7 e\u015fi Sophia\u2019n\u0131n \u00fczerine takt\u0131r\u0131p foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti. Bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 arkeoloji tarihinin en bilinen karelerinden biri olan bu foto\u011fraf, Sophia\u2019y\u0131 adeta Troya krali\u00e7esi gibi alt\u0131nlarla s\u00fcslenmi\u015f h\u00e2lde g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Sophia
Sophia Schliemann Troya kaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan alt\u0131nlarla<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm hatalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Schliemann\u2019\u0131n giri\u015fimi, d\u00fcnya tarihinde bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Schliemann, efsanevi Troya Antik Kenti’nin yerini somut olarak ortaya koyarak mitolojiyi haritadaki bir noktaya sabitledi. Hisarl\u0131k tepesinden \u00e7\u0131kan \u015fehir kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya \u201cTroya\u201d diye ilan etti ve o g\u00fcne dek sadece kitaplarda ya\u015fayan bu kadim kenti kamuoyunun g\u00fcndemine ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Troya kaz\u0131lar\u0131 sayesinde arkeoloji, ilk kez b\u00fcy\u00fck kitlelerin merakla takip etti\u011fi bir u\u011fra\u015f haline geldi. Schliemann\u2019\u0131n deneyimleri kaz\u0131 bilimine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bu kaz\u0131lar, arkeolojinin yaln\u0131zca akademik \u00e7evrelerin ilgi alan\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p geni\u015f bir toplumsal etki yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. Schliemann\u2019\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 buluntular, ge\u00e7mi\u015fin yaln\u0131zca metinlerle de\u011fil, somut kal\u0131nt\u0131larla da ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Bu durum, hem arkeolojiyi bilimsel bir disiplin olarak g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi hem de k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131. Troya\u2019dan \u00f6\u011frenilen dersler, arkeologlar\u0131n tabakalar halinde kaz\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerini geli\u015ftirmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Onun ard\u0131ndan kaz\u0131lar\u0131 devralan Alman mimar Wilhelm D\u00f6rpfeld (1893-94) ve Amerikal\u0131 arkeolog Carl Blegen (1932-38), Troya Antik Kenti’nde daha bilimsel y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak \u015fehrin tarihine dair \u00f6nemli bulgular ortaya koydular. D\u00f6rpfeld, Schliemann\u2019\u0131n atlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcst tabakalara odaklanarak Troya VI olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan katmandaki g\u00f6rkemli surlar\u0131 g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 ve Homeros\u2019un anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehrin bu katman olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Blegen ise sonraki kaz\u0131larda 46 ayr\u0131 yap\u0131 evresi saptayarak Troya\u2019n\u0131n kesintili de olsa M\u00d6 3000\u2019lerden Roma d\u00f6nemine uzanan katman yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu. Blegen, Troya VIIa tabakas\u0131n\u0131n bir sava\u015f ve yang\u0131nla y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belgeleyip bunu Troya Sava\u015f\u0131 ile ili\u015fkilendirdi. B\u00f6ylece bir zamanlar efsane san\u0131lan sava\u015f\u0131n, arkeolojik kay\u0131tlarda da kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulabilece\u011fi ilk kez ciddi \u015fekilde \u00f6nerilmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Troya Antik Kenti kaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n modern \u00e7a\u011fa uzanan en \u00f6nemli d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131, 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir aradan sonra, T\u00fcbingen \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Prof. Manfred Osman Korfmann liderli\u011finde uluslararas\u0131 bir ekip Troya\u2019da kaz\u0131lar\u0131 yeniden ele ald\u0131. Korfmann, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bilimsel y\u00f6ntemleri ve teknoloji destekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Troya\u2019ya uygulayarak kentin ger\u00e7ek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerini ve \u00f6nemini anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6zellikle jeofizik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekli kaz\u0131larla, Troya\u2019n\u0131n sadece h\u00f6y\u00fck \u00fczerindeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kale olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, eteklerindeki ovaya yay\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u015fehri oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131. 1990\u2019larda yap\u0131lan manyetik taramalar ve kaz\u0131lar, \u015fehir surlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda geni\u015f yerle\u015fim izleri ve bir hendek ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Korfmann\u2019\u0131n bulgular\u0131na g\u00f6re Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019nda Troya Antik Kenti, daha \u00f6nce zannedilenden 15 kat daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alana yay\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bu da Troya Antik Kenti’nin o d\u00f6nemde \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00e7evresindeki ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eden stratejik bir liman kenti olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Korfmann, Troya\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurgulamak ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tmak i\u00e7in de yo\u011fun \u00e7aba harcad\u0131. 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck ses getiren \u201cTroia: D\u00fc\u015f ve Ger\u00e7ek\u201d sergisini d\u00fczenleyerek yakla\u015f\u0131k 800 bin ziyaret\u00e7iyi Troya buluntular\u0131yla bulu\u015fturdu. Yine Korfmann\u2019\u0131n giri\u015fimleriyle, Troya\u2019n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge 1996\u2019da Tarihi Milli Park ilan edildi. Devam\u0131nda 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda Troya, UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi<\/a>\u2019ne kabul edildi. Bu sayede Troya Antik Kenti, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f evrensel bir de\u011fer olarak tescillendi. Korfmann\u2019\u0131n 17 y\u0131l s\u00fcren kaz\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 boyunca Troya, bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ve kamuoyunda yeniden b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi oda\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2line geldi, onun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Troya efsanelerine olan tutkuyu yeniden alevlendirdi ve kente y\u00f6nelik turizmde patlama ya\u015fand\u0131. Ger\u00e7ekten de Troya kaz\u0131lar\u0131 sayesinde \u00c7anakkale b\u00f6lgesine gelen ziyaret\u00e7i say\u0131lar\u0131nda belirgin art\u0131\u015flar kaydedildi. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2018\u2019de, yani Troya\u2019n\u0131n UNESCO listesine giri\u015finin 20. y\u0131l\u0131nda, d\u00fczenlenen \u201cTroya Y\u0131l\u0131\u201d kampanyas\u0131yla b\u00f6lgeye gelen turist say\u0131s\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k %50 art\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Korfmann\u2019\u0131n 2005\u2019te vefat\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Troya kaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu Alman ekipten T\u00fcrk bilim insanlar\u0131na ge\u00e7ti. 2013 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Troya Antik Kenti kaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, y\u0131llard\u0131r bu projede yer alm\u0131\u015f olan T\u00fcrk arkeolog Prof. R\u00fcstem Aslan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. B\u00f6ylece ilk defa bir T\u00fcrk ekibi Troya Antik Kenti’nin bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 devralm\u0131\u015f oldu. R\u00fcstem Aslan liderli\u011finde kaz\u0131lar ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar devam ederken, Troya\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015f kitlelere anlatmak \u00fczere pop\u00fcler yay\u0131nlar da yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Aslan\u2019\u0131n kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yeni Ba\u015flayanlar \u0130\u00e7in Troya<\/em> (2018) gibi kitaplar, bu miras\u0131 halk\u0131n anlayaca\u011f\u0131 dille aktarmay\u0131 hedefliyor. Onun \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Troya yaln\u0131zca bir kaz\u0131 alan\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p konferanslar, kitaplar ve m\u00fcze projeleriyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lan k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir vitrini h\u00e2line gelme yolunda. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bir kavram karma\u015fas\u0131na da a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirildi. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de uzun y\u0131llar Frans\u0131zca etkisiyle \u201cTruva\u201d ismi kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, bilimsel literat\u00fcr ve resmi tan\u0131t\u0131mlarda \u201cTroya\u201d kullan\u0131m\u0131 benimsendi. Bug\u00fcn destan\u0131 hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u201cTruva At\u0131\u201d demeye al\u0131\u015fk\u0131n\u0131z ama akademik ve uluslararas\u0131 kullan\u0131mda \u201cTroya\u201d ad\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Troya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izler<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\u00c7anakkale\u2019de
\u00c7anakkale\u2019de sergilenen ah\u015fap Truva At\u0131 heykeli, Troya destan\u0131n\u0131n en bilinen sembollerinden.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Troya destan\u0131n\u0131n karakterleri ve olaylar\u0131, dilimizde ve d\u00fcnya k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde kal\u0131c\u0131 izler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u201cTruva at\u0131\u201d geliyor. Truva at\u0131, bug\u00fcn bir bilgisayar vir\u00fcs\u00fcnden politik bir entrikaya kadar pek \u00e7ok ba\u011flamda kullan\u0131lan evrensel bir deyim. Sinsi bir plana ya da i\u00e7eriden fethetmeye y\u00f6nelik hileli bir takti\u011fi tan\u0131mlamak istedi\u011fimizde, 3000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinin efsanevi olay\u0131na at\u0131fla \u201cTruva at\u0131\u201d benzetmesini kullan\u0131yoruz. Bu, Troya Antik Kenti’nin mitolojik miras\u0131n\u0131n dilimizde ya\u015famaya devam etti\u011finin en somut \u00f6rneklerinden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Troya destan\u0131ndan dilimize ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir di\u011fer me\u015fhur ifade, \u201cA\u015fil\u2019in topu\u011fu.\u201d Efsaneye g\u00f6re A\u015fil (Akhilleus), annesi taraf\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck nehrine dald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ancak annesi onu topu\u011fundan tuttu\u011fu i\u00e7in suya de\u011fmeyen tek yeri topu\u011fu kalm\u0131\u015f. A\u015fil, Troya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda yenilmez bir sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 olarak \u00fcn salm\u0131\u015fken, sonunda Troyal\u0131 Paris\u2019in att\u0131\u011f\u0131 zehirli bir okla tam da bu topu\u011fundan vurularak \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f. \u0130\u015fte bu mitolojik hik\u00e2ye, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u201cA\u015fil\u2019in topu\u011fu\u201d deyimini b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerin dahi zay\u0131f bir noktas\u0131 olabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131nda kullanmam\u0131za vesile olmu\u015f. Ayn\u0131 hik\u00e2yeden t\u00fcreyen bir ba\u015fka kullan\u0131m da t\u0131pta yerini alm\u0131\u015f. \u0130nsan anatomisinde bald\u0131r kaslar\u0131n\u0131 topuk kemi\u011fine ba\u011flayan en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tendon, bug\u00fcn \u201cA\u015fil tendonu\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Y\u00fcr\u00fcmeyi, ko\u015fmay\u0131 ve z\u0131plamay\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan bu tendon, ismini Troya\u2019n\u0131n kahraman\u0131ndan al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Efsanedeki karakterlerin kaderleri de deyimlere yans\u0131m\u0131\u015f. Bunlardan biri de Kassandra. Troya Kral\u0131 Priamos\u2019un k\u0131z\u0131 olan prenses Kassandra, tanr\u0131 Apollon taraf\u0131ndan gelece\u011fi g\u00f6rme yetene\u011fiyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f fakat kendisi Apollon\u2019un a\u015fk\u0131n\u0131 reddedince lanetlenmi\u015f. Bu lanet y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Kassandra\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fru kehanetlerine kimse inanmam\u0131\u015f. Kassandra, Truva at\u0131 i\u00e7indeki tehlikeyi \u00f6nceden g\u00f6r\u00fcp halk\u0131n\u0131 uyarmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen onu dinleyen \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f ve felaketin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ememi\u015f. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz psikoloji literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u201cKassandra kompleksi\u201d olarak bilinen kavram, i\u015fte bu mitolojik hik\u00e2yeye dayan\u0131yor. Bu kompleks, ki\u015finin gelecekte ya\u015fanacak olumsuzluklara ya da tehlikelere kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 uyarmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7evresindekileri ikna edememesi durumunu tan\u0131ml\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar, Troya Antik Kenti’nin binlerce y\u0131l sonra bile nas\u0131l canl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde aram\u0131zda oldu\u011funun g\u00f6stergeleri. Bir sava\u015f\u0131, bir hileyi veya bir kahraman\u0131 anlatmak istedi\u011fimizde, Troya\u2019dan \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sembollere ba\u015fvuruyoruz. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle Troya, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir s\u00f6zl\u00fck gibi g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131m\u0131zda ya\u015famay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Troya: M\u00fczeden arkeok\u00f6ye canlanan miras<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Troya Antik Kenti, 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda yaln\u0131zca tarih kitaplar\u0131nda veya arkeoloji yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda somut bir ziyaret deneyimi olarak da ya\u015famaya devam ediyor. 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 listesine al\u0131nan Troya \u00d6ren Yeri, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferlerinden biri. Yak\u0131n zamana dek alanda bulunan m\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir m\u00fcze ve a\u00e7\u0131k hava kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, Troya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6rkemini tam yans\u0131tmakta yetersiz kal\u0131yordu. Troya\u2019n\u0131n UNESCO tescilinin 20. y\u0131l\u0131 olan 2018\u2019de kapsaml\u0131 bir tan\u0131t\u0131m kampanyas\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131, y\u0131l boyunca konferanslar, sergiler, etkinlikler d\u00fczenlendi ve en \u00f6nemlisi, uzun s\u00fcredir yap\u0131m\u0131 planlanan Troya M\u00fczesi nihayet kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Troya Antik Kenti giri\u015finde in\u015fa edilen modern m\u00fcze binas\u0131, Ekim 2018\u2019de ziyarete a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. 3.000 metrekarelik sergi alan\u0131yla Troya M\u00fczesi, b\u00f6lgedeki kaz\u0131lardan \u00e7\u0131kan eserlerin hakk\u0131n\u0131 veren, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n say\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f arkeoloji m\u00fczelerinden biri h\u00e2line geldi. M\u00fczenin koleksiyonunda, Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan Bizans d\u00f6nemine Troya ve \u00e7evresine ait say\u0131s\u0131z buluntu sergileniyor: Dev boyutlu ta\u015f lahitler, heykeller, \u00fczerinde Troya Sava\u015f\u0131 sahneleri betimlenen s\u00fctunlar, antik yaz\u0131tlar, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famdan seramik ve metal e\u015fyalar, tak\u0131lar, silahlar. M\u00fcze i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131ca interaktif ekranlar, canland\u0131rmalar ve dioramalarla Troya destan\u0131 ve kent katmanlar\u0131 g\u00f6rsel olarak anlat\u0131l\u0131yor.  M\u00fcze bah\u00e7esinde ziyaret\u00e7ileri dev bir \u201cTruva At\u0131\u201d heykeli kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor, elbette ger\u00e7e\u011fi tarihte muamma olan bu at\u0131n ah\u015fap bir yorumu. \u00c7anakkale \u015fehir merkezinde de 2004 yap\u0131m\u0131 \u201c<\/em>Troy\u201d<\/em> filminde kullan\u0131lan dev Truva at\u0131 maketi sergileniyor ve kordonun simgelerinden biri h\u00e2line gelmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Troya Antik Kenti’nin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki canlanmas\u0131nda bir di\u011fer yarat\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131m, Troya \u00f6ren yerine kom\u015fu Tevfikiye K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn bir arkeok\u00f6ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi projesi. 2018 Troya Y\u0131l\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ve yerel y\u00f6netim i\u015f birli\u011fiyle hayata ge\u00e7irilen Tevfikiye arkeok\u00f6y projesi, k\u00f6y\u00fc \u00e2deta bir a\u00e7\u0131k hava m\u00fczesine \u00e7evirdi. Troya Antik Kenti\u2019ne en yak\u0131n yerle\u015fim olan Tevfikiye, b\u00f6lgenin tarihini ve mitolojisini yans\u0131tan konseptlerle yeniden d\u00fczenlendi. K\u00f6y meydan\u0131na Troya kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcstleri yerle\u015ftirildi. Duvarlar ve evler Troya temal\u0131 motiflerle boyand\u0131, k\u00f6y i\u00e7erisinde mitolojik fig\u00fcrlerin heykelleri, ah\u015fap Troya at\u0131 maketleri konuldu. K\u00f6y\u00fcn mimarisi ve sokaklar\u0131 Troya d\u00f6neminin atmosferini an\u0131msatacak \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlendi. B\u00f6ylece Tevfikiye, ziyaret\u00e7ilerin Troya M\u00fczesi\u2019ne giderken mola verip gezebilecekleri, organik \u00fcr\u00fcnler ve el i\u015fi hediyelikler alabilecekleri, Troya ruhunu hissedebilecekleri bir yere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Sonu\u00e7 olarak Tevfikiye, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de arkeolojik miras\u0131n yerel toplumu da kucaklayacak bi\u00e7imde de\u011ferlendirilmesine g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Troya Antik Kenti, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kolektif k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde e\u015fsiz bir yere sahip. Homeros\u2019un diliyle ebedile\u015fen bu kent, ziyaret\u00e7ilerinin y\u00fcre\u011fine dokunabilecek bir hik\u00e2ye bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Troya\u2019n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesi, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak hik\u00e2yesi; sava\u015f\u0131n ve bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n, y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n ve umudun, efsanenin ve ger\u00e7e\u011fin i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir insanl\u0131k destan\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Troya Antik Kenti’nin mitolojik efsanelerdeki yeri Troya\u2019n\u0131n Antik Kenti’nin \u00fcn\u00fc, onu \u00e7evreleyen zengin mitolojik anlat\u0131lardan geliyor. Antik d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck destanlar\u0131ndan say\u0131lan Troya Sava\u015f\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 bin y\u0131ld\u0131r dilden dile aktar\u0131lagelen bir \u00f6yk\u00fc. Bu efsane; a\u015fk ve ihanet, cesaret ve tutku dolu, unutulmaz karakterlerle \u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc bir destan asl\u0131nda. \u00d6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn kalbinde, Ege Denizi\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131 yakas\u0131nda, Paris ad\u0131nda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":47991,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[574,580],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-47986","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-seyahat-ve-tatil-fikirleri","8":"category-gezilecek-tarihi-yerler-ve-rotalar"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47986","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/53"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47986"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47986\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53678,"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47986\/revisions\/53678"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/47991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47986"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47986"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.turkishairlines.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47986"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}